IMMUNOLOGY
Deals with fighting with odds-Stress, Infection, Disturbance in homeostasis, Graft of foreign or non self-tissue.
IMMUNE SYSTEM
Innate immunity
- is present from birth and non-specific.
- consists of various barriers to external insults; for example, skin, mucous membranes, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophil, and the contents of these cells.
Acquired immunity
- is expressed after exposure to given substances and specific.
- involve specific receptors on lymphocytes and the participation of macrophages for its expression.
- consists of:
* Humoral immunity, mediated by antibodies.
* Cell mediated immunity, mediated by lymphocytes.
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| Immunity flow chart |
What is the Innate Immune Response?
A universal and evolutionarily mechanism host defence against.
• First line of defence
• Predates the adaptive immune response
• Adaptive only in very rare
• Uses receptors and effectors that are ancient in their lineage
• Must provide protection against a wide variety of pathogens
• Distinguishes self from non self perfectly
• Defects in innate immunity are very rare and almost none.
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
Humoral Immunity cell mediated Immunity
# Soluble Ag react with Immune # Insoluble Ag/ part of pathogen take up
system in solution (blood) by Immune cell processed and present on
their surface to react with effector cells.
B- cells Process Ag
Complement system
Abs 1. Endogenous 2.Exogenous
Phagocytic cells Process by cytoplasmic pathway endocytic pathway
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